Reference / Trade language

The locksmith glossary.

68 terms explained in plain English, with links to the lessons where they become useful.

17 terms

Mechanical fundamentals

Explore the lesson ↗
Backset
The distance from the door edge to the reference centerline specified for the lock preparation. Match the hardware drawing rather than assuming every door uses the same dimension.
Bitting
The pattern of cuts that makes a mechanical key operate its intended lock. It is different from the keyway profile that determines which blank can enter the cylinder.
Bore
A prepared hole in a door for hardware. A cross bore goes through the door faces; an edge bore enters from the door edge.
Cylinder
The key-operated component of a lock. A replaceable cylinder and the complete lockset are different parts of an opening.
Deadbolt
A bolt that is positively extended and retracted by its operating mechanism rather than pushed back by contact with the strike in normal use.
Door handing
A description of the door swing and the side used as the reference. Manufacturers may use different conventions, so record the viewpoint and consult the product diagram.
Key blank
An uncut or unfinished key made with a particular profile and dimensions. Blank selection precedes cutting.
Keyway
The shaped passage into which a key enters a cylinder. A matching-looking key head does not establish a matching keyway.
Latchbolt
A usually spring-loaded bolt that holds a door closed by engaging a strike. Its operation differs from that of a deadbolt.
Mortise lock
A lock whose body fits into a pocket prepared in the edge of the door. It is not interchangeable with a bored lock merely because the trim looks similar.
Pin stack
A set of interacting pin components in a pin-tumbler cylinder. The intended key positions those components so the plug can rotate as designed.
Plug
The part of a cylinder that receives the key and rotates when the locking mechanism permits it.
Rekeying
Changing a compatible cylinder’s internal keying to operate with a different key. It does not by itself repair a worn lock or misaligned door.
Shear line
In a conventional pin-tumbler cylinder, the interface between the plug and surrounding shell. Correct pin alignment permits intended rotation at that interface.
Strike
The receiving hardware on the frame for a latch or bolt. Its position and compatibility affect the operation of the opening.
Tailpiece
A component that transfers motion from a cylinder to the lock mechanism. Shape, length, and orientation depend on the product.
Tolerance
The allowable variation in a dimension or fit. Small differences can matter even when parts appear identical to the eye.
16 terms

Automotive keys

Explore the lesson ↗
Add-key task
Enrolling an additional supported key when the vehicle meets the relevant prerequisites. The required existing-key situation varies by system.
All keys lost
A job category in which no working key is available. It is not simply an add-key job with an empty customer keyring; preparation and procedures may differ.
Blade
The mechanical part of a vehicle key. Correct cutting does not establish electronic compatibility or start authorization.
Cloning
Creating a supported transponder credential that reproduces an existing credential’s identity. This differs from enrolling a separate identity in a vehicle.
Emergency blade
A mechanical blade included with some fobs for the vehicle’s specified backup access method. Its presence does not make every fob electronically compatible.
FCC ID
An identifier associated with radio-equipment authorization in the United States. It is useful identification evidence, not a complete vehicle-fitment guarantee.
Fob
A handheld housing containing key or remote functions. Two identical housings can contain different electronics.
Immobilizer
A vehicle security function that restricts starting or operation until the required authorization is recognized. A no-start symptom does not alone prove an immobilizer fault.
Key enrollment
The process of establishing a supported key’s electronic relationship with the vehicle system under the applicable procedure.
OBD connection
A connection through the vehicle’s diagnostic interface. Having a physical connection does not mean a tool supports every module or security function.
OEM
Original equipment manufacturer. In parts research, distinguish the original manufacturer’s identifier from a seller’s stock number or cross-reference.
Onboard programming
A supported learning or enrollment procedure provided through the vehicle itself. Availability and prerequisites must be checked for the exact application.
Proximity key
A credential used for supported passive entry or starting functions. Backup operation and electronic architecture are vehicle-specific.
RKE
Remote keyless entry. Button-operated locking functions should be distinguished from start authorization and passive-entry functions.
Transponder
An electronic component that responds to a compatible system. In vehicle keys, it participates in the relevant authentication process.
VIN
Vehicle identification number. Use it with the relevant parts and service information; do not assume a VIN alone answers every equipment or fitment question.
12 terms

Electronics and diagnosis

Explore the lesson ↗
Battery support
Equipment used to maintain the electrical conditions specified for a service procedure. The required capability and settings come from the vehicle and equipment instructions.
Continuity
An indication of an electrical path under the meter’s test conditions. A continuity beep alone does not prove that a circuit will perform correctly under load.
Current
The rate of electric charge flow, measured in amperes. Measuring current uses a different circuit arrangement from measuring voltage.
Diagnostic trouble code
A recorded condition detected by a control system. A code supports a diagnostic investigation; it is not automatically a command to replace a named part.
Ground or reference
A reference point used for an electrical measurement or circuit. Record which reference was used when comparing measurements.
Open circuit
An interruption in the intended current path. The location and cause need to be established through an appropriate diagnostic method.
Resistance
Opposition to electric current, measured in ohms. Resistance testing requires the conditions specified by the meter and component instructions.
Service information
The applicable manufacturer instructions, diagrams, specifications, and diagnostic procedures. It should match the exact system being serviced.
Short circuit
An unintended electrical path. Its effect depends on where that path occurs; it should not be used as a vague label for every electrical fault.
State of charge
An estimate of how much charge remains in a battery. It is different from the battery’s overall condition or ability to supply a particular load.
Voltage
Electrical potential difference between two points, measured in volts. Record the measurement points and operating conditions with the reading.
Voltage drop
The difference in electrical potential across part of a circuit under stated conditions. The circuit’s load state matters when interpreting the result.
14 terms

Commercial access

Explore the lesson ↗
Access group
A defined set of people or credentials assigned particular permissions. A well-designed group follows an actual role rather than simply copying another person’s access.
Audit trail
A record of system events. A recorded credential event and physical confirmation that a person entered are not always the same thing.
Closer
Hardware that controls the closing movement of a door. A closer, latch, and door alignment must function together.
Credential
Evidence presented to an access-control system, such as a card or mobile credential. The reader obtains information; the system applies the access decision.
Door contact
A sensor that reports a door’s monitored position. Its indication does not necessarily verify that a latch has fully engaged.
Egress
Movement out of a space. An opening’s exit requirements are distinct from the question of who may enter from the outside.
Electric strike
An electrically controlled component at the frame that works with compatible latch hardware. Suitability depends on the complete opening and application.
Exit device
Door hardware operated through an actuating member for exit. Product listing, function, and the opening’s requirements determine the appropriate use.
Fail safe
A power-loss condition in which the relevant electrically controlled locking function releases. This term alone does not describe every aspect of exit or fire-door compliance.
Fail secure
A power-loss condition in which the relevant electrically controlled locking function remains secured. Mechanical egress must be evaluated separately.
Key control
The administrative and physical practices used to manage key creation, issue, return, storage, and change authorization.
Master key
A key that operates a group of master-keyed cylinders that also accept their respective change keys. This is different from simply keying several cylinders alike.
Reader
The component that receives information from a presented credential. In a typical system, the access decision belongs to the controller or system logic.
Request to exit
An input or event used by an access system to recognize an exit request. Its purpose and relation to unlocking depend on the designed system.
9 terms

Training and professional practice

Explore the lesson ↗
Accreditation
Recognition of an organization or program under a particular accrediting body’s standards. It is different from a student’s course completion certificate.
Apprenticeship
A structured way of learning through work and instruction. A formally registered apprenticeship and an informal trainee job are not automatically equivalent.
Authorization
Permission from the appropriate party for a defined scope of work. A person’s possession of a key is not, by itself, a complete authorization record.
Certification
A credential awarded under an issuing organization’s requirements. Check what was assessed and whether that credential is relevant to the intended role.
Competency
An ability that can be demonstrated against stated criteria. Reading, observing, and performing with supervision are different stages of development.
Estimate
A description of expected work and cost based on stated information and assumptions. Clarify what would require revised approval.
License
Government permission to perform a regulated activity under the applicable rules. Requirements can differ by location and by employee or business role.
Scope of work
The agreed task, intended outcome, and boundaries of a job. It provides a basis for preparation, approval of changes, and completion checks.
Work order
A record connecting the customer’s request, authorization, agreed work, results, and handover. Store sensitive information through the business’s approved process.

Use the term, then check the application.

A definition gives you a shared starting point. It does not identify a specific lock function, establish a vehicle part match, or replace a product specification. When a term changes a purchasing or installation decision, use the exact manufacturer drawing or service information.

Continue with the learning library or visit the official resource directory for original reference material.